Taliki ya 22/04/1995, abantu barenga ibihumbi umunani (8000) bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara (déplacés de guerre), bishwe bya kinyamanswa n’ingabo za Leta ya FPR Inkotanyi ariyo APR (Armée Patriotique Rwandaise) y’icyo gihe. Biciwe i Kibeho (Gikongoro) mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, bicirwa mu maso y’ingabo za LONI (MINUAR II) n’umuryango mpuzamahanga birebera. Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri yakurikiyeho, abasirikari ba Leta ya FPR Inkotanyi bongeye kwica izindi mpunzi z’abanyarwanda zirenga ibihumbi mirongo itatu (30.000) ku taliki nanone ya 22/04. Izo mpunzi zishwe umugenda ubwo zahungaga zigenda zikurikira inzira ya Gari ya moshi yerekezaga Kasese muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Na none mu iyicwa ry’izi mpunzi, umuryango mpuzamahanga warareberaga utererana izo ngorwa zari zaracitse ku icumu rya FPR Inkotanyi mu Rwanda muri 1994.
Mu kwezi kwa Mata, hafi ku Isi yose hategurwa imihango yo kwibuka ubwicanyi bwabaye mu Rwanda, ni ngombwa rero ko hibukwa abantu bose bazize ayo mahano, baba bazwi cyangwa abatazwi. Ndetse n’izindi nzirakarengane zishwe ariko zikirengagizwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga, zigomba kwibukwa, kuko ubuzima bugomba kureshya (nta mupfu uruta undi). Ubuzima bukwiye rero kubahwa no guhabwa agaciro hatagendewe kucyo umuntu aricyo, cyangwa ubwoko abarizwamo. Ndetse na nyuma y’urupyu ye, inzirakarengane zigumana icyubahiro cyagenewe buri kiremwamuntu.
Igikorwa cy’abayobozi b’u Rwanda cyo kutita kuri ayo mahano yahekuye buri munyarwanda, n’uburyo bundi bwo gushaka kwibagiza ubwicanyi bwabaye, itangazamakuru, indorerezi mpuzamahanga, imiryango y’ubutabazi n’izindi nzego mpuzamahanga bareba. Leta y’u Rwanda ishaka mbere ya byose, gukwepa uruhare rwayo rugaragara mu gutegura kurimbura impunzi zayihungaga, nanubu ibyo byaha bikaba bitarahanirwa ababikoze. Muri icyo gihe, ni ngombwa kumenya ko Leta y’u Rwanda yireguraga ibeshya ko iyicwa ry’izo mpunzi bwari uburyo bwo kwirwanaho (kwirengera byemewe) aribyo ngo byaba byarahitanye impunzi zirenga ibihumbi 8000. Nyamara izo nzirakarengane nta ntwaro zari zifite, kuko hishwemo abagabo, abagore n’ abana, abasaza n’abakecuru.
Imyaka 20 ishize ubwo bwicanyi bw’i Kibeho buteguwe, ababukoze bagororewe amapeti ya gisirikare, baratengamaye muri Leta y’u Rwanda, bashyigikiwe n’ibihugu by’amahanga bishishikajwe no gukumira ibikorwa byose bigamije gukurikirana abo bicanyi imbere y’ubutabera. Aha twavuga Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika (USA), Ubwongereza (UK), bo bakomeje guha inkunga Leta y’u Rwanda batitaye ku byegeranyo (Rapports) bishyira ahagaragara uruhare rugaragara rwa bamwe mu bayobozi b’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda mu bwicanyi bwakorewe kandi bukorerwa abanyarwanda mu Rwanda n’abanyekongo muri RDCongo kuva FPR Inkotanyi yafata ubutegetsi muri 1994. Icyegeranyo cya Loni (Rapport Mapping de l’ONU) kuri RDC 1993-2003 cyo kigaragaza ko ubwicanyi bwakozwe bwakwitwa Genoside mu gihe bwaba busuzumwe n’inkiko mpuzamahanga zibifitiye ubushobozi.
Biteye agahinda, kuko kugeza uyu munsi nta bushake n’ingufu bigaragazwa, kugira ngo abakoze ubwo bwicanyi bwa kinyamanswa, bwashyize mu cyunamo abanyarwanda n’abaturage bo mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, babihanirwe. Ahubwo, abayobozi b’u Rwanda bahitamo gukina ku mubyimba abiciwe n’abishwe, bashimira kandi bakazamura mu ntera y’imyanya y’ubuyobozi abakoze n’ abakekwa mu kugira uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa bw’ubwicanyi ndengakamere. Aha twavuga nka Jenerali Sam KAKA wagizwe Umukuru wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu cy’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu mu Rwanda (Commission Nationale des Droits de l’Homme, CNDH), taliki ya 13/02/2015. Ibi bikaba ari ugutoneka bivanze n’ubugome bugirirwa abiciwe n’abishwe n’ingabo za FPR INKOTANYI. Uyu Sam Kaka ubusanzwe ashakishwa n’ubutabera bwo mu gihugu cy’u Bufaransa (France) na Espagne (Esipanye) ku byaha by’intambara n’ibyibasiye inyokomuntu. Mu gihe cy’irimburwa ry’impunzi z’i Kibeho, Sam KAKA yari umukuru w’igisirikari gishya cy’u Rwanda.
Uyu munsi rero, dufashe akanya ko guhamagarira nanone abayobozi b’u Rwanda, guca umuco wo kudahana. Uko kudahana niko gutera inzika n’uburakari buhoraho, byo nzitizi z’amahoro, ubumwe n’ubwiyunge hagati y’abanyarwanda. Kuri uy’umunsi w’amateka y’akababaro, umuryango nyarwanda ukeneye kwibuka, guha agaciro n’icyubahiro abawo bose bishwe ntawe ubavanguye. Abanyarwanda bakeneye ko hashirwaho Komisiyo y’impuguke zakora iperereza ry’igenga, rikagaragaza k’uburyo butandukanye uruhare rwa buri mwicanyi kugeza mu nzego zo hejuru mu buyobozi bw’u Rwanda, kuko bamwe muri bo babuteguye bakanabushyira mu bikorwa. Nanone abakekwaho ibyaha bazwi neza bagashyikirizwa ubutabera, kugirango, ku ruhande rw’abacitse kw’icumu ry’ubwo bwicanyi bahabwe ubutabera, maze barangize icyunamo cyabo, batangire ubundi buzima bushya bamaze gukira ihahamuka n’ibikomere by’imfu banyuzemo.
Kubaba baribagiwe ibyabaye bijyanye n’ubwo bwicanyi bugereranywa na Jenoside, dore ubuhamya (mu gifaransa) kuri ubwo bwicanyi ndengakamere bwakorewe Abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara taliki ya 22/04/1995 i KIBEHO mu Rwanda, ndetse n’ubwizindi mpunzi ziciwe i KASESE muri RDC, bwabaye nyuma y’imyaka 2 umunsi ku munsi uhereye igihe ubw’ i Kibeho bwabereye.
· Article de l’historienne sociologue Madame Claudine Vidal, sur les massacres de KIBEHO commis entre le 18 et 22 avril 1995 par l’APR sur environ 100.000 déplacés de guerre, publié dans la revue « Les Temps Modernes n°627 » de Avril-Juin 2004. Pages 92 à 108.
· Extrait du témoignage de Monsieur Maurice NIWESE, tiré de son livre intitulé « Le peuple rwandais, un pied dans la tombe, récit d’un réfugié étudiant » et édité dans la Collection « Mémoires Africaines » chez l’Harmattan en 2001. Pages 159 à 162.
Bikorewe i Buruseli, taliki ya 22/04/2015
Joseph MATATA, Umuhuzabikorwa wa CLIIR
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